Pathology SNT - Schack August Steenberg Krogh

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Shack August Steenberg Krog was born on November 15, 1874 in Grenaa, Denmark. He developed an interest in science as a child, spending a lot of time outside observing insects. Then his youthful dream of becoming a naval officer took hold, and at the age of 14 he left school to join a warship. But even there, he was more engaged in observing sea life than in his direct duties.

A year later, Krog returned to school and then entered the University of Copenhagen to study physics and medicine. The young scientist was greatly influenced by the lectures of Christian Bohr, a recognized expert in the field of blood and respiratory physiology.

Krogh is the inventor of the microtonometer, a device that measures the pressure of a gas dissolved in a liquid (for example, oxygen in blood). The device proved to be extremely useful not only for zoologists and doctors, but also for environmentalists. It allowed them to measure the content of oxygen and carbon dioxide in salt and fresh water, which helped them to estimate the importance of the oceans in regulating the composition of the atmosphere.

Krogh received his doctoral degree in zoology for his work on the skin and lung respiration of frogs. His work was very important for the study of mammalian respiratory physiology. At that time, it was not yet known how gas exchange takes place. The main question was the principle of lung function. Krog and his colleagues proved the passive role of the lungs in this process.

Later, Krogh was involved in insulin research. The fact is that his wife suffered from diabetes, and Krogh, as a husband and as a scientist, did everything he could to solve this problem. He made a great contribution to the development of laboratories for the study and production of insulin.

In 1920, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the discovery of the mechanism of regulation of capillary lumen." Krogh proved that at rest, some capillaries are closed and that they open with increasing oxygen consumption.

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